Seismic Response Analysis of Highway Overcrossings Including Soil-Structure Interaction

............................................................................................................................... iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ............................................................................................................. v TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................ vii LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................................... ix LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................................................... xv CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................. 1 1.1 Background ......................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Soil-Structure Interaction.................................................................................... 4 CHAPTER 2: KINEMATIC RESPONSE FUNCTIONS AND DYNAMIC STIFFNESSES OF BRIDGE EMBANKMENTS ....................................................................... 9 2.1 Considerations for Response Analysis ............................................................... 9 2.2 Kinematic Response Functions ........................................................................ 10 2.2.1 The Shear Beam Approximation .......................................................... 11 2.2.2 Finite Element Analysis ....................................................................... 20 2.2.3 Kinematic Response Functions ............................................................ 22 2.2.4 Validation of Method Crest Response .............................................. 25 2.2.5 Summary of Procedure to Compute the Kinematic Response Functions of Embankments .................................................................. 35 2.3 Dynamic Stiffnesses ......................................................................................... 38 2.3.1 Resilience of Abutments ...................................................................... 38 2.3.2 The Shear Beam Approximation .......................................................... 40 2.3.3 Finite Element Analysis ....................................................................... 43 2.3.4 Estimation of Critical Length L c ..........................................................50 2.3.5 Summary of Procedure to Compute the Spring and Dashpot Values of Bridge Embankments ....................................................................... 53 CHAPTER 3: DYNAMIC STIFFNESSES OF PILE FOUNDATIONS ................................. 57 3.1 Input Motion at Pile Caps ................................................................................. 57 3.2 Dynamic Stiffnesses of Single Pile ................................................................... 58 3.2.1 Lateral Dynamic Stiffness of a Single Pile ........................................... 58 3.2.2 Vertical and Rocking Dynamic Stiffnesses of a Single Pile ................. 61 3.3 Dynamic Stiffnesses of Pile Group................................................................... 63 3.3.1 Lateral Dynamic Stiffness of Pile Group ............................................. 63 3.3.2 Vertical and Rocking Dynamic Stiffnesses of Pile Group.................... 66 3.3.3 Spring and Dashpot Values of the Pile Foundations of the Meloland Road Overcrossing and the Painter Street Overcrossing ..... 67